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Frases Célebres: Charlie Chaplin

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“Failure is unimportant. It takes courage to make a fool of yourself”

Charlie Chaplin

Cf. Frases Célebres: When in doubt, make a fool of yourself.Cf. Como se escreve “mal-educado” em inglês?Cf. Mais Frases Célebres

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Diabetes

credits for http://www.inglesvip.xpg.com.br/

1. Today is World Diabetes Day, part of a campaign to urgegovernments to do more to fight the disease. Organizers warnof a diabetes epidemic affecting two hundred forty-six million people worldwide.

2. Last December the United Nations passed a resolution to observe World Diabetes Day every November fourteenth. The International Diabetes Federation and the World HealthOrganization began the event in nineteen ninety-one. The federation is an alliance of diabetes groups. It also haspartnerships with drug companies.

3. People with diabetes have too much glucose, or sugar, in theirblood. The body changes food into glucose for energy with the help of insulin, a hormone. In diabetics, the body produces little or no insulin or has trouble using the insulin that is produced.

4. As a result, too much glucose remains in the blood instead ofentering cells. Over time, the disease can cause blindness,kidney disease and nerve damage. It also can lead to strokesand heart disease.

5. People with type one diabetes need insulin injections. Many with type two do not. Instead, it can be controlled through diet, exercise and treatment. And people may be able to prevent it.

6. This year's World Diabetes Day campaign is about children and adolescents. One of the organizers is Doctor Francine Kaufman. She traveled around the world for a film called "Diabetes: A Global Epidemic." The Discovery Health Channel would show it on Sunday.

7. Type two diabetes used to appear mostly in adults, but nowmore and more children have it. Doctor Kaufman says it isspreading as more people rise out of poverty in developing countries -- for example, India. 

8. FRANCINE KAUFMAN: "They’re in cars all day long, andthey’ve got satellite dishes outside their houses. They are eating more food, and more westernized food and getting overweightand developing diabetes." She says another place where diabetes is spreading is South Africa.

9.FRANCINE KAUFMAN: "We were in the townships and people were overweight. There is more food available than has been in the past. And people are getting on buses and going to officesand not necessarily being as physically active as they have been in the past.”

10. Doctor Kaufman says solutions must be developed country by country and patient by patient. In Brazil, for example, a health clinicholds dances to get diabetes patients more active. Doctor Kaufman says the message of World Diabetes Day is that the disease is manageable and, in the case of type two diabetes,preventable.

And that’s the VOA Special English Health Report.  I'm Barbara Klein.

                                         Vocabulary:

1. about = sobre
2. all day long = o dia todo
3. Also = também
4. another place = um outro lugar
5. as = à medida em que
6. As a result = como resultado
7. available = disponível
8. Began = começaram (presente = “begin”)
9. being = sendo
10. Blindness = cegueira
11. blood = sangue
12. buses = ônibus
13. Campaign = campanha
14. can be  = pode ser (modo)
15. cells= células
16. changes= transforma
17. children = crianças (plural de “child”)
18. Damage = danos
19. developing countries = países em desenvolvimento
20. Disease = doença
21. drug companies = empresas de remédios
22. Fight = combater
23. food = comida, alimento
24. getting overweight = ficando acima do peso
25. Health = Saúde
26. heart = coração
27. holds = realiza
28. instead of = ao invés de
29. Kidney = rins
30. lead to = conduzir a 
    
31. little or no = pouco ou nenhuma

32. manageable = controlável, tratavel
33. may be = pode ser (possibilidade)
34. more and more = cada vez mais
35. mostly = principalmente
36. must be = devem ser
37. Nerve = nervo
38. offices= escritórios
39. Over time = ao longo do tempo
40. Partnerships = parcerias
41. passed a resolution = aprovou uma resolução
42. poverty = miséria
43. prevent = evitar
44. preventable = evitável
45. Remains = permanece
46. rise out of = “escapam”, “elevam-se”
47. satellite dishes = antenas parabólicas
48. show = apresentar, mostrar
49. spreading = espalhando-se
50. strokes = derrames
51. sugar = açúcar
52. they’ve got = eles têm
53. through = através de
54. too much = demais
55. townships = municípios
56. treatment = tratamento
57. trouble = problema, dificuldade
58. Urge = apressar
59. used to appear = costumava aparecer
60. Warn = alertar
61. westernized = ocidentalizada
62. World = mundial, mundo
63.  Worldwide = mundialmente

Money and Charity, help Zacharias fundraising

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Katia

Paul

Paul: Hi, this is Paul from England speaking with Katia from Mexico. First question is do you give money to charity?

Katia: Well, Paul, it's a difficult question because you really want to help people, but I always question myself

 where if the money really gets to where it's supposed to go. So personally I rarely do give money to charities. I'd rather give my time, so I know if it's actually something happening. What about you?

Paul: Yeah, I guess that makes sense

. If it's a registered charity

 then I don't see there's a problem really with giving a donation.

Katia: Yeah, I guess so, but really I wonder. There are so many charities in the world, and you wonder really how much money do the people actually get, so it's difficult to really know.

Paul: How about if you're walking down the street and you see a homeless person asking for money?

Katia: Homeless people! That's also difficult because you can see they need money or they need food. Sometimes I feel if you give money, you aresupporting their way of life

 so I would rather give some food so they can eat, but maybe if it's a disabled person

, I am more willing to give, rather than just the homeless.

Paul: Yeah, I'd agree with you. It's difficult to know what they're gonna use the money for, so usually I never give money to men but if it's like an elderly woman, I'm happy to give a small donation.

Katia: Why not men and only women?

Paul: Well, going back to what you said about supporting their way of life, I mean, not in every case, but I think that often it can just be man's choice to be homeless on the street and he does have a chance to get a job I think.

Katia: So you think the woman really doesn't have a choice, and the man...

Paul: I think it's more difficult for a woman.

Katia: Possibly. Possibly. That's a difficult question.

Paul: For sure. Do you give money if you see children on the street?

Katia: Well, it depends, because that's also giving money to children so they can continue asking for money, so I avoid it. I also avoid it. What about you?

Paul: I'm a little bit reluctant

 to give money. I heard in a lot of poor countries that it can actually even be a business, like a lot of parents will send their children onto the street.

Katia: Unfortunately, that's true.

Paul: OK, so maybe you like what you said before: it's better to donate your time than to donate money.

Katia: Possibly. And hopefully things will change.

BS: Do not forget to give donations for Zach, he needs your support http://zachs-fundraiser.blogspot.com/

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Leonard da Vinci, Inglês vip

Leonardo da Vinci - Part I    audio        www.inglesvip.xpg.com.br

Aulas online com o professor Fúvio, visit o site acima e comece hoje mesmo.

1.- I’m Steve Ember.  And I’m Shirley Griffith with EXPLORATIONS in VOA Special English. Today, we tell about one of the greatest thinkers in the world, Leonardo da Vinci. He began his career as an artist. But his interest in the world around him drove him to study music, math, science, engineering and building design. Many of his ideas and inventions were centuries ahead of his time.

2. We start with one of Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous drawings, called “Vitruvian Man.” This work is a good example of his ever questioning mind, and his effort to bring together art, math and science.

3. “Vitruvian Man” is a detailed sketch of a man’s body, which is drawn at the center of a square and circle. The man’s stretched arms and legs are in two positions, showing the range of his motion. His arms and legs touch the edges of the square and circle.

4.  With this drawing Leonardo was considering the size of the human body and its relationship to geometry and the writings of the ancient Roman building designer Vitruvius.

5. Leonardo wrote this about how to develop a complete mind: “Study the science of art. Study the art of science. Develop your senses- especially learn how to see. Realize that everything connects to everything else.”

6. Leonardo da Vinci spent his life studying and observing in order to develop a scientific understanding of the world. He wrote down his thoughts and project ideas in a series of small notebooks. He made drawings and explained them with detailed notes.

7. In these notebooks, he would write the words backwards.  Some experts say he wrote this way because he wished to be secretive about his findings. But others say he wrote this way because he was left-handed and writing backwards was easier and helped keep the ink from smearing.

8.  The notebooks show many very modern ideas. Leonardo designed weapons, machines, engines, robots, and many other kinds of engineering devices.   When disease spread in Milan, Leonardo designed a city that would help resist the spread of infection.

9. He designed devices to help people climb walls, and devices to help people fly. He designed early versions of modern machines such as the tank and helicopter. Few of these designs were built duringhis lifetime. But they show his extraordinarily forward-thinking mind.

10. The notebooks also contain details about his daily life. These have helped historians learn more about the personal side of this great thinker.

11.  Very little is known about Leonardo’s early life. He was born in fourteen fifty-two in the town of Vinci.  His father, Ser Piero da Vinci, was a legal expert. Experts do not know for sure about his mother, Caterina. But they do know that Leonardo’s parents were never married to each other. As a boy, Leonardo showed a great interest in drawing, sculpting and observing nature.

12. However, because Leonardo was born to parents who were not married to each other, he was barred from some studies and professions. He trained as an artist after moving to Florence with his father in the fourteen sixties.

13. It was an exciting time to be in Florence, one of the cultural capitals of Europe. Leonardo trained with one of the city’s very successful artists, Andrea del Verrocchio. He was a painter, sculptor and gold worker. Verrocchio told his students that they needed to understand the body’s bones and muscles when drawing people.

14. Leonardo took his teacher’s advice very seriously. He spent several periods of his life studying the human body by taking apart and examining dead bodies. Experts say his later drawings of the organs and systems of the human body are still unequalled to this day.

15. While training as an artist, Leonardo also learned about and improved on relatively new painting methods at the time. One was the use of perspective to show depth.  A method called “sfumato” helped to create a cloudy effect to suggest distance. “Chiaroscuro” is a method using light and shade as a painterly effect. The artist also used oil paints instead of the traditional tempura paints used in Italy during this period.