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The greatest sporting festival in the Americas About 6,000 athletes from 42 countries will take part in the Pan- American Games in Guadalajara. The event will begin on October 14 and Brazil will be sending its best athletes
The Pan-American Games are like a big party. A party that will begin on October 14 and end onOctober 30. Only countries from the American continent can take part. About 6,000 athletes from 42 countries will compete for medals in 44 sports. This will be the 16th edition of the Games. The USA has won first place in themedals table [1] in13 of the 15 previous [2] editions (in only two editions did the Americans come in second, in 1951 and 1991). Brazil's performance has improved in the last two Games. In 2003, Brazil won 123 medals - 29 of them gold. In the 2007 Pan-American Games, in Rio, Brazil broke its record for medals, winning 157 in total, with 52 gold medals. But even so, it ranked third, behind Cuba, which won 59 gold medals.
Brazil looking for [3] medals in several sports
Brazil is a major [4] world power in sports likevolleyball, beach volleyball and soccer, both in men’s and women’s events. However, over the 15 editions of the Pan-American Games, the most successful sports for Brazil have been athletics, swimming, judo and sailing [5]. In addition to these, Brazil has a good chance of winning medals in several other sports. The Brazilian delegation includes some Olympic and World Champions, such as César Cielo, Maurren and Fabiana Murer.
Foto (Fabiana Murer) – Agência Luz.
Áudio – Julia Constantinides.
Primeira parte da matéria sobre os Jogos Pan-Americanos de Guadalajarao. A edição de outubro da revista Maganews traz a segunda parte desta matéria, com áudio de Thiago Ribeiro.
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I'm Steve Ember. And I'm Barbara Klein with PEOPLE IN AMERICA in VOA Special English.
Today we tell about Jane Jacobs. She was an activist for improving cities.
Jane Jacobs was an activist, writer, moral thinker and economist. She believed cities should be densely populated and full of different kinds of people and activities. She believed in the value of natural growth and big open spaces.
She opposed the kind of city planning that involves big development and urban renewal projects that tear down old communities. She was also a critic of public planning officials who were unwilling to compromise.
Jacobs helped lead fights to save neighborhoods and local communities within cities. She helped stop major highways from being built, first in New York City and later in Toronto, Canada.
Developers and city planners often criticized her ideas. Yet, many urban planning experts agree that her work helped shape modern thinking about cities.
Jane Butzner was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1916. Her father was a doctor. Her mother was a former teacher and nurse. After graduating from high school, Jane took an unpaid position at the Scranton Tribune newspaper. A year later she left Scranton for New York City.
During her first several years in the city she held many kinds of jobs. One job was to write about workers in the city. She said these experiences gave her a better idea about what working in the city was like.
As a young woman, Jacobs had many interests, including economics, law, science and politics. Her higher education was brief, however. She studied for just two years at Columbia University in New York. Jacobs did not complete her college education, but she did become an excellent writer and editor. While working as a writer for the Office of War Information she met a building designer named Robert Jacobs.
In 1944, they married. They later had three children. Her husband's work led to her interest in the monthly magazine, Architectural Forum. Jacobs became a top editor for the publication.
Experts have described Jacobs as a writer who wrote well, but not often. She is best known for her book "The Death and Life of Great American Cities." The book was published in 1961. It is still widely read today by both city planning professionals and the general public.
Experts say "The Death and Life of Great American Cities" is the most influential book written about city planning in the twentieth century.
In the book, Jacobs criticized the urban renewal projects of the 1950s. She believed these policies destroyed existing inner-city communities and their economies.
She also thought that modern planning policies separated communities and created unnatural city areas. Jacobs described the nature of cities – their streets and parks, the different cultures represented by citizens and the safety of a well-planned city. Safety was an important issue in big cities that had high rates of crime.
Jacobs wrote that peace on the streets of cities is not kept mainly by the police even though police are necessary. It is kept by a system of controls among the people themselves. She believed the problem of insecurity cannot be solved by spreading people out more thinly.
Jacobs argued that a well-used city street is safer than an empty street. Safety, she argued, is guaranteed by people who watch the streets every day because they use the streets every day.
"The Death and Life of Great American Cities" became a guide for neighborhood organizers and the people who Jacobs called "foot people." These are citizens who perform their everyday jobs on foot. They walk to stores and to work. They walk to eating places, theaters, parks, gardens and sports stadiums. They are not who Jacobs called "car people" – those who drive their cars everywhere.
Jane Jacobs also believed that buildings of different sizes, kinds and condition should exist together. She pointed to several communities as models of excellence. These include Georgetown in Washington, D.C.; the North End in Boston, Massachusetts; Rittenhouse Square in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Telegraph Hill in San Francisco, California.
She also supported mixed-use buildings as a way to increase social interaction. Such buildings have stores and offices on the ground floor. People live on the upper floors. Mixed-use buildings are a lot more common in American cities than in the suburban areas around them.
Jane Jacobs also noted New York City's Greenwich Village as an example of an exciting city community. This is one of the communities that was saved, in part at least, because of her writings and activism. In 1962, Jacobs headed a committee to stop the development of a highway through Lower Manhattan in New York City. The expressway would have cut right through Greenwich Village and the popular SoHo area.
Influential New York City developer Robert Moses proposed the plan. But huge public protests in 1964 led the city government to reject it. Jacobs' book, "The Death and Life of Great American Cities" helped influence public opinion against the expressway.
In 1969, Jacobs moved to the Canadian city of Toronto where she lived for the rest of her life. Part of her reason for leaving the United States was because she opposed the United States involvement in the war in Vietnam. At that time, she had two sons almost old enough to be called for duty. Jacobs continued to be a community activist in Toronto.
She was involved in a campaign to stop the Spadina Expressway through Toronto. This highway would have permitted people living in suburban areas outside Toronto to travel into and out of the city easily.
Jacobs organized citizens against the Spadina Expressway and the politicians who supported it. One of her most important issues was this question: "Are we building cities for people or for cars?"
Today, experts say Toronto is one of only a few major cities in North America to have successfully kept a large number of neighborhoods in its downtown area. Many experts believe this is because of the anti-Spadina movement led by Jane Jacobs.
Jane Jacobs spent her life studying cities. She wrote seven books on urban planning, the economy of cities, and issues of commerce and politics. Her last book, published in 2004, was "Dark Age Ahead." In it, Jacobs described several major values that she believed were threatened in the United States and Canada. These included community and family, higher education, science and technology and a government responsive to citizens' needs.
In "Dark Age Ahead," Jacobs argued that Western society could be threatened if changes were not made immediately. She said that people were losing important values that helped families succeed.
In "Dark Age Ahead," Jacobs also criticized how political decision-making is influenced by economics. Governments, she said, have become more interested in wealthy interest groups than the needs of the citizens. Jacobs also warned against a culture that prevents people from preventing the destruction of resources upon which all citizens depend.
Jane Jacobs had her critics. Many of them argued that her ideas failed to represent the reality of city politics, which land developers and politicians often control. Others argued that Jacobs had little sympathy for people who want a lifestyle different from the one she proposed.
Still, many urban planning experts say her ideas shaped modern thinking about cities. She has had a major influenced on those who design buildings and towns that aim to increase social interaction among citizens.
Jane Jacobs died in 2006 in Toronto at the age of 89. Her family released a statement on her death. It said: "What's important is not that she died but that she lived, and that her life's work has greatly influenced the way we think. Please remember her by reading her books and implementing her ideas."
Welligton Oliveira killed 12 children in Rio de Janeiro City, actually as an educator my heart goes out and, this blog pay a single tribute for those victims and their families who lost their children. May their souls rest in peace. It's not very common the tragic event like this, I was working when I switched on the TV and I saw the tragedy, I'm still chocked with the violence. I have no words to describe a feeling of sadness. I offered my condolences to Children's families. See you the next blog entry, friends.
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Rain in Brazil
The greatest of all tragedies
Landslides [1] in the mountain region of Rio de Janeiro have killed hundreds of people. Thiscatastrophe was no surprise. In recent decades, hundreds of cities in several states have suffered from floods [2] and landslides. There has been a lack of [3] effort to prevent construction inareas at risk
Rain, rain and more rain. Hill-slides [4], rivers bursting [5] their banks. People dying and thousands of homes being destroyed. These scenes have been repeated over and over in many Brazilian states in recent decades, especially in the summer months. The worst of all the tragedies took place on January 11 and 12, in the mountain region ofRio de Janeiro. The cities most affected wereNovaFriburgo, Teresopólis, and Petrópolis. Up to January 31 the death toll [6] had reached 870 and more than 400 people were still missing [7]. The rain leftnearly 30,000 people displaced [8] orhomeless
[94], and caused losses to the region's agricultural production. According to the United Nations (UN), extreme weather events will become more common in the coming years (see full story on the next page).
The root [10] of the problem
The Brazilian population has grown in recent decades. Cities have grown, but chaotically. Many people (especially the poorest) have had to build their homes in areas near rivers or hills, which are at risk from landslides and floods. The government has been unable to stop people building their homes in hazardous [11] locations.While cities are expanding, untouched areas [12] have been destroyed by deforestation [13]. It should be remembered that vegetation is vital, to absorb rainwater. According to Greenpeace, the rate of deforestation of the AtlanticForest [14] has reached 34,000 hectares a year. In Rio de Janeiro, the state hit hardest [15] by the rains, over 80% of the forest has been cleared. Meanwhile, in recent years, the volume of rainfall has been increasing...
Primeira parte da matéria especial sobre as chuvas no Brasil, publicada na edição de número 59 da Revista Maganews (com áudios de David e Laís Hatton).
Pictures (Nova Friburgo) - Valter Campanato/ABr
Vocabulary
1 landslide – deslizamento
2 floods – inundações
3 lack of – falta de
4 hill-slides – aqui = morros deslizando
5 rivers bursting their banks – rios transbordando
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Source: www.maganews.com.br
Rain in Brazil
The greatest of all tragedies
Landslides [1] in the mountain region of Rio de Janeiro have killed hundreds of people. Thiscatastrophe was no surprise. In recent decades, hundreds of cities in several states have suffered from floods [2] and landslides. There has been alack of [3] effort to prevent construction inareas at risk
Rain, rain and more rain. Hill-slides [4], rivers bursting [5] their banks. People dying and thousands of homes being destroyed. These scenes have been repeated over and over in many Brazilian states in recent decades, especially in the summer months. The worst of all the tragedies took place on January 11 and 12, in the mountain region of Rio de Janeiro. The cities most affected wereNovaFriburgo, Teresopólis, and Petrópolis. Up to January 31 the death toll [6] had reached 870 and more than 400 people were still missing [7]. The rain leftnearly 30,000 people displaced[8] orhomeless [94], and caused losses to the region's agricultural production. According to the United Nations (UN), extreme weather events will become more common in the coming years (see full story on the next page).
The root [10] of the problem
The Brazilian population has grown in recent decades. Cities have grown, but chaotically. Many people (especially the poorest) have had to build their homes in areas near rivers or hills, which are at risk from landslides and floods. The government has been unable to stop people building their homes in hazardous [11] locations.While cities are expanding, untouched areas [12] have been destroyed by deforestation [13]. It should be remembered that vegetation is vital, to absorb rainwater. According to Greenpeace, the rate of deforestation of the AtlanticForest [14] has reached 34,000 hectares a year. In Rio de Janeiro, the state hit hardest [15] by the rains, over 80% of the forest has been cleared. Meanwhile, in recent years, the volume of rainfall has been increasing...
Primeira parte da matéria especial sobre as chuvas no Brasil, publicada na edição de número 59 da Revista Maganews (com áudios de David e Laís Hatton).
Picture (Nova Friburgo) - Valter Campanato/ABr
Vocabulary
1 landslide – deslizamento
2 floods – inundações
3 lack of – falta de
4 hill-slides – aqui = morros deslizando
5 rivers bursting their banks – rios transbordando
