Petroglyphs, Engravings in low relief

Author of this post: Carlos

Talking about archaeology articles is not easy writing about them, after all I'm not an expert, I'm a single Tour guide and curious, but today I'm going to continue talking about it, in particular Petroglyphs, they are very common in Brazil and in several countries. Mostly are located next to reservoirs of water, waterfalls, also known as Engravings in low relief. Most of Petroglyphs are unrecognisable, I mean, difficult to describe what the Indigenous people engraved on the rocks, mostly are abstracts, enigmatic and difficult to understand, even for Archaeologists.  Check out the pictures bellow.

Petroglyphs: It's a Rock art (engravings) usually located next to water's reservoirs, waterfalls and rivers also known as Engravings in low relief, identifiable each scenes is difficult for archaeologists that's why the most engravings are abstracts and unrecognisable ones.

The terminology Petroglyph, should not be confused pictograph, which is an image drawn or painted on a rock face, they are associated with prehistoric civilization.

The word comes to Greek Petros, which means: Stone and Glyphein: Carve  synonym for Engravings, that's it. 

Rio das Ostras (Oyster's River, Brazil)

Pedra do Ingá, Paraíba State, Brazil

Utah, USA.

WHERE ARE THEY NOW? (Macaulay Culkin)

Language level: Pre-intermediate

Standard accent: American accent

Speaker: Chuck Rolando

 

Macaulay Culkin became a movie start when he was 10. In 1990 he starred in Home Alone. The film made $ 285 at the box office in the United States. Macaulay only received $ 100.000, but two years later, in Home Alone 2:  Lost in New York, he received $ 4,5 million. Two years later he starred in Richie Rich and his salary was & 8 million. He was “the biggest star since Shirley Temple.” But Richie Rich was a flop and, after other flops, Macaulay Culkin stopped acting. He also had problems with drugs. He married Rachel Miner when he was 18, but they divorced two years later. Macaulay’s career seemed finished, but today he is acting again.

MY FRIEND MICHAEL

The recent death of Michael Jackson has shown that the adult life of a child star can be tragic. Macaulay Culkin was a good friend of Michael Jackson and he is the godfather of his son. Macaulay once said: “Michael’s still a kid. I’m still a kid. We’re both going to be about eight years old forever in some place because we never had a chance to be eight.”

DAD

Like Michael Jackson, Macaulay had a difficult relationship with his father. His father, Christopher Culkin, was also a child actor. He later became Macaulay’s manager, but he wasn’t a good one: today they don’t talk. When Christopher separated from Macaulay’s mother they went to war over their son’s money. Macaulay’s mother, Patricia Brentrup, won.

COMEBACK

Macaulay didn’t work between 1994 and 2003. In 2003 he played Michael Alig in Party Monster and in 2004 he acted in the bizarre comedy, Saved! He also worked on television and he has found happiness in his private life: he is a relationship with actress Mila Kunis. Today he seems happy. He has an estimated fortune of $ 17 million, so he doesn’t need to work!

Source: SPEAKUP MAGAZINE

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Pro-jovem, part 28, Inglês Vip

Source: www.ingvip.com
Pedro: Hello Mariana, you are out again! Are you all right now?
Mariana: Yes, I am
Pedro: You got well fast(1)
Mariana: I know. I did everything my doctor told(2) me to do
Pedro: Did you come back(3) to work?
Mariana: Yes, I did. I came back to work yesterday morning. And you? How was your week?
Pedro: I can't complain(4). Well, I'm thinking. Now that you are fine, we can go out.
Mariana: Yes, we can
Pedro: I met(5) a friend on the internet, and he painted a wall(6) downtown. Would you like to check it out?
Mariana: Yes, I would. But wait! I thought(7) you were not into computers.
Pedro: Lucas taught(8) me how to use it last week, and now I like it
Mariana: cool!
Pedro: I heard(9) you went shopping(10) yesterday. I spoke(11) with Julia
Mariana: Yes, that's right! She helped me. I needed new clothes
Pedro: Did you buy anything good?
Mariana: Yes, I did. I bought(12) everything I needed
Pedro: So, tomorrow can we go out and see my friend's painting?
Mariana: Yes, we can
Pedro: Oh, it's nice
 

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Pedro: You look beautiful(13) Mariana. Those are nice shoes
Mariana: So, where are we going? Is it far from here?
Pedro: No, it's not. We can go walking
Mariana: Oh, great. Oh, I can't believe I put these high heels on!
Pedro: Sorry. Did you say something?
Mariana: Who? me? Oh, no! I just said(14) I... I think I left the TV on!(15)
Pedro: Well, let's go back then(16)
Mariana: Oh, no. It's not a big deal!(17)
Pedro: Look Mariana, we are here
Mariana: Oh, that is so nice
Pedro: I think it is really nice too. Hurry up, Let's take a closer look(18)
Mariana: Oh, yes.
Pedro: My friend said that graphism is a form of art. It came from the streets, and because of that(19), it is carried with(20) urban culture. It is the type of art that has the closest(21) contact with the citizens(22) from the urban cities. It is a ritual from the urban culture and urban artists
Mariana: My feet hurt!(23) I hate(24) high heels! I want my tennis shoes
Pedro: Mariana, oh, I'm so sorry! I could not stop talking(25)... I can be boring sometimes(26)...oh, did I ruin(27) our date?
Mariana: No, no no. You did not ruin our date. I have to tell you the truth(28). I can't stand(29) these shoes anymore(30). And I could not stop thinking about it. So, I should be sorry.
Pedro: Oh, is that it? Oh, I thought the problem was me
Mariana: Of course not Pedro. You know I like your company
Pedro: Do you want to go home?
Mariana: It was about time(31)

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                                      Vocabulary

 1. Got well fast = Você melhorou rápido
 2. Told = disse
 3. Come back = voltar
 4. I can't complain = Eu não posso reclamar
 5. Met = conheci
 6. Painted a wall = Pintou um muro
 7. Thought = Pensei, achei
 8.  Taught = ensinou
 9. Heard = ouvi falar
 10. Went shopping = Foi fazer compras
 11. Spoke = falei
 12. Bought = comprei
 13. You look beautiful = você está linda
 14. I just said = Eu só disse
 15. I think I left the TV on! = Eu acho que deixei a TV ligada!
 16. Let's go back then = Vamos voltar então
 17. It's not a big deal! = "Não é grande coisa!"
 18. Let's take a closer look  = Vamos dar uma olhada mais de perto
 19. because of that, = Por causa disso
 20. carried with = Carregada com
 21. the closest = O mais próximo
  22. Citizens = cidadãos
  23. My feet hurt! = Meus pés estão doendo!
  24. Hate = odiar
  25. I could not stop talking = Eu não consegui parar de falar
  26. Sometimes = às vezes
  27. Ruin = estragar
  28. Truth = verdade
  29. I can't stand = Eu não aguento
  30. Anymore = mais
  31. It was about time = Já estava na hora

The man and machine, part I

Reposting the article about Internet, check out please and Re-twit it's really important.

Source: www.maganews.com.br

The addiction [1] of the modern era

If you cannot live without the Internet and spend hours and hours in front of the computer and sometimes even forget to eat, then you had better[21] take care. You could be a “cyberaddict”[3]

   When we hear the word “addiction,” we soon think about cigarettes, alcohol or gambling [4]. These are addictions that humanity has been living with for centuries. In the XXI Century a new compulsion has arisen: “web-dependence”. The Internet is used at work, in communications between people, in surveys, entertainment, information and so on and so forth [5]. However, there are many people who spend much more time surfing the Internet than they spend with their relatives [6] or friends. According to an article published by the American Journal of Psychiatry, the virtual dependent spends hours in a row [7] on the Internet. They spend way too long [8] visiting sites, playing games, chatting in chat rooms and they check their e-mails compulsively and are always download something. Often, they even forget to eat and sleep properly [9].

Virtual dependency affects children in Korea

In recent years cases of Internet compulsion have been on the rise [10] in many countries, includingBrazil. In the USA, the number of Internet addicts could reach 10% of all Internet users, according to estimates made by American studies. In the US there are about 190 million Internet users. In South Korea the government estimates there are over 200,000 children who are addicted to the Internet. Authorities in Korea consider virtual addiction to be a public health problem in the country. Many of these children have had to have [11] treatment using psychotropic drugs. 

Vocabulary
1 addiction – vício / dependência

2 then you had better – então é melhor você…
3 cyberaddict – viciado em internet
4 gambling – jogo
5 and so on and so forth – exp. idiom = e assim por diante (etc e tal)
6 relatives - parentes

7 in a row – em seguida
8 to spend way too long – gastar muito tempo

9 properly – adequadamente
10 on the rise – crescendo / crescimento / em alta
11 have had to have – tiveram que ter (ou se submeter)

The consequences of virtual addiction (Part 2)

Dependency on the Internet can affect our emotional, personal and professional lives. Many specialists say this kind of addiction should be treated as if it were a psychological illness [1]

   The American Journal of Psychiatry says excessive use of the Internet can be thought of [2] as[3] a mental disturbance that should be treated like a psychological illness. In many cases virtual addiction can interfere with a person’s private, emotional and professional life. It may also even cause physical harm [4]. An article on the site brasilescola says there are cases of cyberaddicts having died because they have spent too long in front of the computer. There are certain diseases caused by spending too long in the same position. Deep Vein Thrombosis [5] (which can develop [6] into a Pulmonary Embolism) is one such example.

The Internet offers a lot of temptations

In recent years the Internet has offered us many new options. The main attractions are MSN (instant messaging), Orkut (relationship site), YouTube (with hundreds of thousands of videos for you to watch) and MySpace, where surfers can listen to thousands of songs. And there are also millions of sites to visit and keep up to date [7] on a range [8] of subjects. The Internet can help you solve[9] a lot of problems, but if you get carried [10] away, the Internet stops being a solution and turns into a problem.

Vocabulary

1 illness – doença

2 can be thought of  – pode ser considerado
3 as – como
4 physical harm – dano físico

5 Deep Vein Thrombosis – Trombose Venal Profunda
6 which can develop into – que pode evoluir para

7 to keep up to date – manter-se atualizado
8 on a range – nos mais diversos
9 to solve – resolver
10 if you get carried away – exp. idiom - se você exagerar